WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is an open-source technology that enables real-time audio, video calling, and data transmission between web browsers and mobile applications through a simple API, without the need for any plugins or third-party software. The WebRTC connection establishment process involves multiple steps, including connection to signaling servers, Offer/Answer exchange, ICE candidate gathering and exchange, and data channel communication. Core components of WebRTC include Signaling Server, RTCPeerConnection, Offer and Answer, Description, and Channel. ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment) plays a vital role in solving network connectivity issues by addressing NAT traversal, optimal path selection, and connection recovery. ICE candidates, STUN servers, and TURN servers are essential parts of ICE workflow. The example of a WebRTC-based peer-to-peer chat application showcases the use of a signaling server to facilitate offer, answer, and ICE candidate exchange between connected clients.