WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is an open-source technology that enables real-time voice, video calls, and data sharing between web browsers and mobile applications through a simple API without the need for plugins or third-party software. The WebRTC connection establishment process involves multiple steps, including signaling server interaction, Offer/Answer exchange, ICE candidate exchange, and data channel communication. WebRTC core components include signaling server, RTCPeerConnection, Offer and Answer, session description, and channels. ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment) is a core technology in WebRTC for handling network connectivity issues. It addresses NAT traversal, optimal path selection, and connection recovery. ICE consists of candidates, STUN servers, and TURN servers. ICE workflow includes candidate collection, exchange, connection checks, and selecting the best path. Overall, WebRTC relies on ICE for establishing connections in complex network environments.