WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is an open-source technology that enables real-time audio, video calls, and peer-to-peer data transfer on web browsers and mobile apps through a simple API without the need for plugins or third-party software. The WebRTC connection establishment process involves multiple steps, including signaling, Offer/Answer exchange, ICE candidate exchange, and data channel communication. Core components of WebRTC include Signaling Server, RTCPeerConnection, Offer/Answer, Description, and Channel. ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment) is a key technology in WebRTC for solving network connectivity issues, such as NAT traversal and optimal path selection. ICE consists of candidates, STUN servers, and TURN servers. Through ICE workflow, candidates are collected, exchanged, and connectivity is checked to establish the best connection path. ICE is essential for WebRTC to work in complex network environments. An example of a WebRTC-based peer-to-peer chat application involves a signaling server handling offer, answer, and ICE candidate exchange between clients.